Osteoporosis is a medical condition in which bones become weak, brittle, and more prone to fractures. It occurs when the body loses too much bone, makes too little bone, or both. This results in a decrease in bone density and strength, making fractures more likely, especially in the hip, spine, and wrist.
Causes of Osteoporosis
- Aging (especially in women after menopause
- Calcium and Vitamin D Deficiency
- Lack of Physical Activity
- Hormonal Changes (low estrogen in women, low testosterone in men)
- Genetic Factors
- Certain Medications (like corticosteroids)
- Smoking and Excessive Alcohol Consumption
Symptoms
- No symptoms in early stage
- Bone fractures from minor falls or impacts
- Loss of height over time
- Back pain due to spinal fractures
- A stooped posture (kyphosis)
Prevention & Treatment
- Calcium and Vitamin D Intake (dairy, leafy greens, supplements)
- Regular Exercise (weight-bearing and resistance exercises)
- Avoid Smoking and Excessive Alcohol
- Medications (bisphosphonates, hormone therapy, etc.)
Early detection through bone density tests (DEXA scan) can help in managing and preventing osteoporosis effectively.
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